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BRCA proteins protect the genome from double-stranded breaks that may occur during DNA replication. The BRCA proteins use error-free homologous recombination pathway to repair the DNA damage.

In BRCA-deficienct cells, the double-stranded breaks are repaired by alternate methods such as single strand annealing or non-homologous end joining pathway that lead to accumulation of errors and cause genomic instability.

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