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Introduction: Ovarian carcinoids can be primary or metastatic. Primary ovarian carcinoid is a germ cell tumor that resembles well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs) arising in the gastrointestinal tract. Most cases occur as a component of mature cystic teratoma and develop from the neuroendocrine cells within intestinal-type or respiratory epithelium of the teratoma. Pure ovarian carcinoids are a form of monodermal teratoma and contain no other teratomatous elements.

Primary ovarian carcinoids are rare and comprise <0.1% of all ovarian neoplasms and about 2% of WDNETS. Metastatic ovarian carcinoids originate from the primary tumors located in the gastrointestinal tract, lung, or other sites.

About this image: Primary ovarian carcinoid showing a uniform population of tumor cells arranged in nests and islands separated by fibrous stroma.

Image 137 of 183