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Carcinomas of the oral cavity are usually squamous cell carcinomas. The predisposing factors include: tobacco use, alcohol, smoking, mechanical irritation, sunlight and fair complexion (especially for carcinomas of lip), and immunosuppressed status.

Among cancers of the oral cavity, the most common location is the lip, accounting for about 45% of cases. Ninety percent of these involve the lower lip. Other locations within the oral cavity include tongue, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, upper and lower gingiva, and hard palate.

Case History: This elderly female presented with a gradually enlarging, painless, non-tender, ulcero-nodular lesion on her lower lip. A biopsy showed high-grade infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma.

Case courtesy of: Dr. Sanjay D. Deshmukh, Professor of Pathology, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil Medical College & Hospitals, Ahmednagar, India.

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