Dysgerminoma : Differential Diagnosis
Image Description
Differential Diagnosis of Dysgerminomas (continued from the previous image):
Clear Cell Carcinoma: typically occurs in peri- and postmenopausal women, rare in adolescents and young adults, association with endometriosis, tubulocystic and papillary architecture, strong and diffuse positivity for cytokeratin and EMA, positive for PAX8, and negative for SALL4.
Sertoli Cell Tumor: tubular architecture, positive for inhibin, calretinin, and SF1, negative for OCT4 and PLAP, nuclei lack pleomorphism and hyperchromasia of dysgerminoma cells.
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type: follicle-like architecture, negative for OCT4, PLAP, and SALL4, loss of nuclear expression of SMARCA4, and positive for EMA.
Metastatic Melanoma: previous history of melanoma, large vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, cytoplasmic pigment, positivity for melanocytic markers (SOX10, HMB45, Melan-A).
This image of dysgerminoma shows polygonal tumor cells with well-defined cytoplasmic borders, clear or lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and brisk mitotic activity.
Clear Cell Carcinoma: typically occurs in peri- and postmenopausal women, rare in adolescents and young adults, association with endometriosis, tubulocystic and papillary architecture, strong and diffuse positivity for cytokeratin and EMA, positive for PAX8, and negative for SALL4.
Sertoli Cell Tumor: tubular architecture, positive for inhibin, calretinin, and SF1, negative for OCT4 and PLAP, nuclei lack pleomorphism and hyperchromasia of dysgerminoma cells.
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type: follicle-like architecture, negative for OCT4, PLAP, and SALL4, loss of nuclear expression of SMARCA4, and positive for EMA.
Metastatic Melanoma: previous history of melanoma, large vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, cytoplasmic pigment, positivity for melanocytic markers (SOX10, HMB45, Melan-A).
This image of dysgerminoma shows polygonal tumor cells with well-defined cytoplasmic borders, clear or lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and brisk mitotic activity.