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Androgen-deprivation therapy consisting of LHRH-agonist (Lupron) induces significant morphologic alterations in both benign and malignant prostate glands. The tumor cells develop small pyknotic nuclei and abundant xanthomatous cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity for prostatic markers and racemase is retained. The Gleason grade appears artifactually higher than the pre-treated cancer and therefore grading of cancers showing treatment effect is not recommended.