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GCNIS

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Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) in a cryptorchid testis. The tubular basement membrane is thickened considerably. The interstitium contains sheets of Leydig cells. The patient was a 30 y/o male with history of cryptorchidism which had been corrected at age 4; however, the testis retracted into the inguinal canal as he grew older.

Cryptorchidism does not play a pathogenetic role in germ cell tumors but is a surrogate marker. These patients are thought to have a testicular dysgenesis syndrome and frequently have additional findings, including infertility, disorders of sex development, and GCNIS.

Cryptorchid testis with germ cell neoplasia show a multitude of histologic findings, including Leydig cell hyperplasia (shown here), microlithiasis, vascular abnormalities, Sertoli cell nodules (mistakenly labeled sometimes as Pick adenoma), tubular atrophy, and multinucleated spermatogonia.

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